Getting Started with AWS

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a public cloud computing platform.

As with most cloud service providers, AWS offers a pay-as-you-use pricing policy , including a number of free services.

This guide is to help you get started with Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) compute services, using Arm-based Graviton processors. This is a general-purpose compute platform, essentially your own personal computer in the cloud.

Detailed instructions are available in the Get started tutorial from AWS.

Create an account

Before you begin, create an account. For a personal account, click on Create an AWS account , and follow the on-screen instructions to register. See the Creating an AWS account documentation for full instructions.

If using an organization’s account, you will likely need to consult with your internal administrator. See this guide for additional information.

Browse for an appropriate instance

AWS offers a wide range of instance types, covering all performance (and pricing) points. For an overview of the Graviton instance types, see the Instance Type Explorer , and select AWS Graviton from the list of Processors. As a general rule, instances with a g at the end of their name (for example M6g) are Graviton based.

Then, select an instance size, which will be one of many pre-defined configurations of processors and available memory. If you are unsure what your compute needs are, don’t worry, you can easily experiment with different configurations.

Create your EC2 instance

The easiest way to launch your instance is via the AWS Console .

Note the region you have logged into (for example us-east-1) is displayed in the upper right corner. You can select a different location from the pull-down menu if your default region does not offer Graviton servers.

Select an appropriate region

Navigate to the EC2 Dashboard, either by searching (Alt+S) for EC2, or via Services > Compute > EC2.

Navigate to the EC2 Dashboard

Use the Launch instance pull-down menu and select Launch instance.

Launch an Amazon EC2 instance

Name your instance

Give your instance a meaningful, but arbitrary, name. This is particularly useful when creating multiple instances.

Specify a name for the instance

Select OS image

There are 1000s of Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) available on the AWS Marketplace , providing pre-configured setups.

For now, select Ubuntu images from the Quick Start list of available images, and version (e.g. Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS) from the pull-down menu.

Select a Ubuntu AMI

In the Architecture pull-down menu, select 64-bit (Arm) to ensure an Arm-based instance type is used.

Select '64-bit (Arm)' Architecture

Select instance type

Select an appropriate instance type for your compute needs from the pull-down menu. There is a Compare instance types table available if you wish to quickly compare features of different types.

Select an Instance type

Scrolling down, there is an option to also configure storage if necessary.

Configure storage options

Set a Key Pair

To be able to access the instance, you must use a key pair .

If this is your first time logging in, you will need to select Create new key pair. If you have an existing key pair, select it from the pull-down menu.

Select or create a key pair

If creating a new key pair, name the key pair, then click Create key pair. This will initialize the key pair and save the private key to your local machine. Ensure that the private key is safe and accessible on your local machine.

Create a new key pair

Network settings

It is strongly recommended that you create (or use an existing) security group to ensure that only users on your IP address can access your instance. Simple settings can be set here, such as selecting My IP from the Allow SSH traffic from pull-down menu. Other settings can be left as default.

Configure a security group

For advanced settings, it is recommended that you search security groups and create and configure such a group in this dialog. You can then select that group when creating the instance.

Launch instance

When all options are set, click Launch instance to get started.

Launch the instance

Your compute instance will be created and be available after initialization. Click the Instance ID to observe the Instance state and other details about your instance.

A successful instance launch message with Instance ID

Once the Instance state reports that it is Running, you can connect to the instance. Click on the Instance ID to display the Instance Summary view which includes more details about your instance. You can also access this view from the list of Instances on the EC2 dashboard.

Instance ID is shown and Instance state is 'Running'

Connect to your instance

You can interact with your instance via the browser (EC2 Instance Connect) or via an SSH terminal application.

EC2 Instance Connect

In the Instance summary view, click Connect, and select the EC2 Instance Connect tab. Click the Connect button to open a terminal in the browser.

Connect to the EC2 instance from the browser

Once connected, you are now ready to use your instance.

SSH client Connect

You can connect to the instance with your preferred SSH client. In the Instance summary view, click Connect, and select the SSH client tab to see the command used to launch the native SSH client.

Connect to the EC2 instance with an SSH client

For example if using ubuntu image:

    

        
        
            ssh -i <private_key> ubuntu@<public_ip_address>
        
    

Terminal applications such as PuTTY , MobaXterm and similar can be used.

Different Linux distributions have different default usernames you can use to connect.

Default usernames for AMIs are listed in a table. Find your operating system and see the default username you should use to connect.

Once connected, you are now ready to use your instance.

Explore your instance

Run uname

Use the uname utility to verify that you are using an Arm-based server. For example:

    

        
        
            uname -m
        
    

will identify the host machine as aarch64.

Run hello world

Install the gcc compiler. If you are using Ubuntu, use the following commands. If not, refer to the GNU compiler install guide :

    

        
        
            sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install -y gcc
        
    

Using a text editor of your choice, create a file named hello.c with the contents below:

    

        
        
            #include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    printf("hello world\n");
    return 0;
}
        
    

Build and run the application:

    

        
        
            gcc hello.c -o hello
./hello
        
    

The output is shown below:

    

        
        hello world

        
    

Automating Arm Based Infrastructure Deployment

Cloud infrastructure deployment is typically done via Infrastructure as code (IaC) automation tools. There are Cloud Service Provider specific tools like AWS Cloud Formation . There are also Cloud Service Provider agnostic tools like Terraform .

There is a Deploying Arm instances on AWS using Terraform learning path that should be reviewed next.